Thomas Jefferson by Stuart, Gilbert

Stuart, Gilbert · c. 1821

This portrait of Thomas Jefferson, painted by Gilbert Stuart around 1821, is remarkable for being created entirely from the artist's memory, some 15 years after he last saw the former president. Despite this unusual circumstance, it became the most widely recognized and reproduced image of Jefferson.

Notice the detailed rendering of Jefferson's face, particularly his eyes, which convey a sense of quiet resolve. Contrast this with the looser, more gestural brushwork in his dark coat. Stuart famously left many portraits in this state if the sitter or commissioner had not paid him in full.

Stuart was known for his ability to capture the essence of his subjects, and this work, now in the collection of the New-York Historical Society, demonstrates his skill in creating a powerful likeness, even without a live sitting. It speaks to the enduring power of memory in artistic creation.

What do you think it is about this particular portrayal that made it so iconic?

Details

Yet this became the definitive image of Jefferson.

Stuart often left portraits unfinished if he wasn't paid.

The softly rendered white hair frames the face and signals status and era; Stuart's loose brushwork here contrasts with the tighter face modeling.

Transcript

This portrait of Thomas Jefferson was painted from memory. The artist hadn't seen him in 15 years. Yet this became the definitive image of Jefferson. See the loose brushwork in his coat? Stuart often left portraits unfinished if he wasn't paid. This image, painted from memory, still captivates.