Untitled by After Yi Yuanji

This striking "Untitled" painting from 1639, created by an artist working after Yi Yuanji, is one of a series of twelve album leaves from medieval China, now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. It’s a profound allegory, subtly guiding the viewer to consider themes of self-knowledge and introspection.

At the heart of the painting is a monkey gazing into a mirror held by a man. In Chinese allegorical tradition, the monkey often represents the uncultivated human mind, while the mirror symbolizes the chance for self-recognition. The composition’s round 'moon window' format further enhances its contemplative, cosmic resonance.

Crafted with ink and color on silk, the meticulous brushwork captures the monkey’s fur with remarkable softness. Each leaf in this series explores distinct yet linked narratives of animal behavior, alluding to human characteristics. The ambiguity in the monkey's expression, whether it sees itself or a stranger, is central to the allegory's power.

What do you think the monkey truly sees in its reflection?