André Breton's Manifeste du surréalisme defined a new art of 'pure psychic automatism', thought dictated in the absence of reason, fed by dreams and the unconscious. What had been a literary circle around the review Littérature became a movement with a doctrine, a name and a leader.
Surrealism organized itself around the manifesto's definitions and exclusions, and went on to dominate the European imagination between the wars.