Artwork
The Deluge towards Its Close

The Deluge towards Its Close is an oil painting by the Romanticist artist Joshua Shaw. It dates from 1813 and is held in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
About this work
This painting was made in 1813, when people still believed floods like Noah’s were real.
You see a dark, stormy sky pressing down on a flooded world, snakes slither over floating logs, bodies drift in the water, and a few desperate figures cling to a rock.
This painting was made in 1813, when people still believed floods like Noah’s were real. The snakes aren’t just there to scare; they’re a sign of nature turning against humans. The artist used thick, rough brushstrokes to make the scene feel wild and urgent.
If you like how the light fights through the storm, look up chiaroscuro.
Subject & Meaning
The painting depicts the biblical Flood's aftermath, aligning with Western traditions of illustrating Genesis 6–9. It shows a desolate landscape strewn with debris and human and animal remains, emphasizing mortality and divine retribution. A serpent appears coiled among the wreckage, alluding to the serpent's role in the Fall and reinforcing the moral consequences of human sin.
The somber palette and ruined setting underscore themes of destruction and renewal, reflecting the work's alignment with contemporary interpretations of the Deluge as both punishment and a precursor to rebirth.
Technique & Style
Executed in 1813, the work is an oil painting on canvas measuring 122.6 cm in height and 167.6 cm in width. Its dark palette and dramatic contrasts align with the Western tradition of depicting the Biblical flood, presenting a somber aftermath suffused with death and serpentine imagery. The handling emphasizes brooding chiaroscuro, with dense, layered brushwork that heightens the scene's emotional intensity.
While formal condition details are not specified in the cited sources, the Metropolitan Museum of Art holds the painting, and the work's stylistic qualities reflect early nineteenth-century American religious narrative painting.
History & Provenance
The Deluge towards Its Close is an oil-on-canvas painting executed by the American artist Joshua Shaw in 1813. The work portrays the biblical flood, featuring a snake and imagery of death, and is classified as a religious genre piece within the Metropolitan Museum of Art's American Wing. The museum has held the painting in its collection, where it is listed with dimensions of 122.6 × 167.6 cm. No earlier owners are recorded, and no publicly disclosed accession number is noted in the available records. The work was admired by the contemporary painter Benjamin West, who praised its biblical theme.
Context
Joshua Shaw's The Deluge towards Its Close (1813) occupies a significant position within early 19th-century American religious painting, aligning with Western traditions of depicting the Biblical flood. Its critical standing was notably elevated by contemporary praise from Benjamin West, situating Shaw within a respected artistic lineage. By portraying the aftermath of the deluge with elements of death and the serpent, the canvas reflects the era's engagement with apocalyptic religious subjects, bridging European artistic conventions with the developing American school of the period.
Legacy
The Deluge towards Its Close attracted contemporary notice when the painter Benjamin West commended its treatment of the Biblical flood, highlighting its place within the Western tradition of religious flood imagery. Its inclusion in the Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection and designation as part of The American Wing have reinforced scholarly interest in early American religious art, cementing the work's reputation as an early 19th-century example of American religious painting that engages with themes of death, flood, and the serpent.
Overview
Joshua Shaw's painting, The Deluge towards Its Close, created in 1813, presents a dramatic oil on canvas depiction of a world ravaged by a catastrophic flood. This early 19th-century work captures the somber aftermath of an overwhelming natural disaster, aligning with traditional Western interpretations of the biblical narrative. It is housed within the American Wing of The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Artist & collection
Artist
Joshua Shaw (1776–1860) was an English [later naturalised as American] artist and inventor.










