Artwork

Archangel Michael

Archangel Michael, by Andrei Rublev, tempera, 1410
Archangel Michael, by Andrei Rublev, tempera, 1410

Archangel Michael is a tempera painting by the Russian Icon artist Andrei Rublev. It dates from 1410 and is held in the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery.

About this work

Overview

Created in 1410 by the Russian iconographer Andrei Rublev, this tempera panel portrays the Archangel Michael. It belongs to the Orthodox icon tradition and is currently part of the Tretyakov Gallery’s collection in Moscow. The work exemplifies the devotional imagery typical of medieval Russian churches, serving both liturgical and didactic purposes.

Subject & Meaning

The central figure is the archangel Michael, rendered with a calm, contemplative expression. His golden hair and blue headband identify him as a heavenly messenger, while the contrasting wing colors, bright red on one side and a faded, partially lost surface on the other, suggest both his celestial authority and the passage of time.

Technique & Style

Rublev employed egg tempera, a medium in which pigment is mixed with a water‑soluble binder, allowing for fine detail and a luminous surface. The composition follows the strict conventions of Russian iconography: a frontal pose, gold background, and stylized features that emphasize spiritual presence over naturalistic representation.

History & Provenance

The panel has remained in Russian hands since its creation, eventually entering the Tretyakov Gallery’s holdings, where it is displayed among other medieval icons. Its survival through six centuries attests to the reverence afforded to Rubellian works and the careful preservation practices of Russian ecclesiastical institutions.

Context

The painting shows considerable age-related wear: the gold ground is dull, the tempera surface exhibits cracking, and portions of the right wing have been lost. These signs of deterioration are typical of tempera panels exposed to centuries of environmental fluctuations, yet the remaining elements still convey the work’s original devotional intent.

Archangel
Archangel, Unknown

Artist & collection

Portrait of Andrei Rublev

Artist

Andrei Rublev

Andrei Rublev (Russian: Андрей Рублёв, romanized: Andrey Rublyov, IPA:; c. 1360 – c. 1430) was a Russian artist considered to be one of the greatest medieval Russian painters of Orthodox Christian icons and frescoes. He…

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: Tretyakov Gallery open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.

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Frequently asked questions

Who painted Archangel Michael?

Archangel Michael was painted by Andrei Rublev in 1410.

Where can I see Archangel Michael?

Archangel Michael is held by Tretyakov Gallery.

What movement is Archangel Michael?

Archangel Michael is associated with Russian Icon.

Can I buy a print of Archangel Michael?

Museum-quality prints of Archangel Michael are available made-to-order from Artifact World Gallery.