Artwork
Untitled

Untitled is a print by Ron Costley Ian Hamilton Finlay. It dates from 1979 and is held in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art. Created in 1979 by Ian Hamilton Finlay and Ron Costley, this offset print on card is a minimalist text-based work.
About this work
Overview
Created in 1979 by Ian Hamilton Finlay and Ron Costley, this offset print on card is a minimalist text-based work. It presents two dictionary-style definitions against a solid blue field, rendered in plain typewriter font. The piece operates as a linguistic puzzle, inviting viewers to reconsider the historical meanings embedded in common words through subtle, deliberate juxtaposition.
Subject & Meaning
'Snow' is defined both as frozen atmospheric vapor and as a type of two-masted sailing vessel; 'bark' refers to tree bark and a small seafaring craft.
The work contrasts modern definitions of 'snow' and 'bark' with archaic nautical usages. 'Snow' is defined both as frozen atmospheric vapor and as a type of two-masted sailing vessel; 'bark' refers to tree bark and a small seafaring craft. By placing these meanings side by side, the piece disrupts conventional understanding, revealing how language evolves and how maritime history lingers in everyday vocabulary.
Technique & Style
The print uses a restrained visual language: black typewriter-type text on a uniform blue background, with no decorative elements. The layout mimics dictionary entries, lending an air of authority that contrasts with the playful ambiguity of the definitions. This deliberate simplicity focuses attention on the semantic shift, making the conceptual layer the primary vehicle of meaning.
History & Provenance
Produced in 1979, the work entered the collection of The Museum of Modern Art as part of its broader engagement with conceptual and language-based art of the late 20th century. Its inclusion reflects institutional interest in artists who interrogate textual systems and historical semantics. The collaboration between Finlay and Costley represents a convergence of poetic and graphic sensibilities common in British artist-publishing circles of the era.
Context
This piece emerged during a period when artists increasingly turned to language as material, challenging the boundaries between literature, visual art, and design. Finlay, known for his poetic installations and typographic experiments, often explored maritime themes and historical lexicons. The work aligns with contemporaneous movements in conceptual art that prioritized idea over form, particularly in the UK and North America.
Legacy
The work contributes to an ongoing dialogue in contemporary art about how meaning is constructed through language. Its quiet disruption of lexical norms has influenced subsequent generations of artists working with text, dictionaries, and semantic ambiguity. Though modest in scale, it exemplifies how precise linguistic choices can evoke historical depth and perceptual surprise.
Artist & collection
Artist
Ron Costley Ian Hamilton Finlay
Ron Costley Ian Hamilton Finlay (1925–2006) was a British artist.










