The Martyrdom of Saint Peter
1610
ink
From the collection of National Gallery of Art
1610
ink
From the collection of National Gallery of Art
This black-and-white print shows a chaotic crowd around a man being crucified upside down. Figures scramble in the foreground—some kneeling, others reaching up. In the background, a building burns, and a small group watches from a balcony. The lines are sharp and busy, packing every inch with movement and emotion. The artist used tiny, repeated lines to build up shadows and texture, a method called cross-hatching. This technique makes the scene feel dense and dramatic. Next, look up cross-hatching to see how artists create depth with just lines.