Artwork

Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..."

Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ...", by James Clark, ink, 1705
Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ...", by James Clark, ink, 1705

Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..." is an ink print by the Baroque artist James Clark. It dates from 1705 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.

About this work

Overview

The frontispiece for the volume titled The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I is an early 18th‑century engraving executed by James Clark in 1705. Designed as the opening illustration for the legal compilation, the print serves a decorative and authoritative function, framing the text with a complex arrangement of heraldic and allegorical elements.

Subject & Meaning

Central to the composition is a large portrait of a man with curly hair, likely representing King James I, set within an ornate frame.

Central to the composition is a large portrait of a man with curly hair, likely representing King James I, set within an ornate frame. Surrounding him are seven circular medallions depicting successive Scottish monarchs, while a coat of arms occupies the lower centre. Allegorical figures labeled "Majesty," "Justice," and "Violence" accompany symbols such as a lion and a crown, suggesting the monarch’s sovereign power and the dual nature of law.

Technique & Style

Clark employed the traditional line engraving method, using fine incised lines to render dense clusters of faces, heraldic devices, and symbolic motifs. The monochrome palette emphasizes contrast between heavily cross‑hatched areas and delicate stippling, creating a sense of depth and formality typical of early‑modern British printmaking.

History & Provenance

The print was produced to accompany the 1705 edition of the parliamentary statutes, a project intended to document the legislative output of James I and his successors. As a frontispiece, it would have been bound to each copy of the volume, circulating among legal scholars, government officials, and collectors of printed law.

Context

Issued shortly after the Union of England and Scotland (1707), the engraving reflects ongoing interest in the distinct lineage of Scottish royalty and the legal continuity between the two kingdoms. The inclusion of multiple Scottish monarchs underscores the historical legitimacy claimed by the new British state.

Legacy

While not widely reproduced beyond its original binding, the frontispiece exemplifies the role of print illustration in early modern statecraft, where visual authority reinforced textual law. It remains a reference point for scholars studying the intersection of heraldry, print technology, and political propaganda in the early 1700s.

James I in Parliament
James I in Parliament, Renold Elstrack

Artist & collection

Portrait of James Clark

Artist

James Clark

James Clark (1640–1770) was an artist.

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: National Gallery of Art open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.

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Frequently asked questions

Who painted Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..."?

Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..." was painted by James Clark in 1705.

Where can I see Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..."?

Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..." is held by National Gallery of Art.

What movement is Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..."?

Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..." is associated with Baroque.

Can I buy a print of Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..."?

Museum-quality prints of Frontispiece to "The Laws and Acts of Parliament Made by King James I ..." are available made-to-order from Artifact World Gallery.