Artwork
The Legend of the Wolves

The Legend of the Wolves is a chalk drawing by the Impressionist artist Rosa Bonheur. It dates from 1894 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.
About this work
Overview
Created around 1894, The Legend of the Wolves is a drawing by Rosa Bonheur executed in charcoal, black chalk, and pastel on blue wove paper, later edge‑mounted to paperboard. The work measures roughly the size of a standard sheet and presents a nocturnal, storm‑laden landscape dominated by two dark horses perched on a craggy rise.
Subject & Meaning
The composition depicts a bleak, wind‑swept terrain beneath a turbulent sky. Two horses, rendered in deep black, stand defiantly on a rocky hill while the ground is speckled with reddish patches that suggest distant fires or glowing embers, evoking themes of wilderness, survival and the untamed forces of nature.
Technique & Style
Bonheur employed smudged, stumped charcoal lines and soft pastel washes to model the sky and rock surfaces, creating a misty, atmospheric effect. The use of black chalk adds depth to the equine forms, while the blue paper background intensifies the overall tonal contrast, allowing the horses to emerge as the sole clear silhouettes.
History & Provenance
The drawing is attributed to the later period of Bonheur’s career, when she increasingly explored animal subjects in more experimental media. It entered the collection of a private European patron in the early twentieth century before being acquired by its present institution in the 1970s, where it remains on view as part of the museum’s holdings of 19th‑century animal studies.
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Artist & collection
Artist
Rosa Bonheur was a French artist known best as a painter of animals (animalière).



















