Artwork

Matthew Clarkson

Matthew Clarkson, by Gilbert Stuart, oil, 1794
Matthew Clarkson, by Gilbert Stuart, oil, 1794

Matthew Clarkson is an oil painting by the American Impressionist artist Gilbert Stuart. It dates from 1794 and is held in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

About this work

At nineteen, Matthew Clarkson had already distinguished himself at the Battle of Saratoga; two decades later, around 1794, he sat for Gilbert Stuart soon after the painter's return from Europe. The three-quarter-length portrait of the New York soldier, legislator, and early abolitionist pairs Stuart's polish with a plain, matter-of-fact presentation of its subject.

Subject & Meaning

The portrait depicts Matthew Clarkson, a man rendered in formal attire that signals his civic or military standing.

The portrait depicts Matthew Clarkson, a man rendered in formal attire that signals his civic or military standing. He is shown wearing a uniform and a chapeau-bras, a collapsible cocked hat carried under the arm rather than worn on the head, which was a fashionable accessory in late-eighteenth-century gentleman's dress. A sword appears alongside the figure, reinforcing the martial or official character of his role.

Together, the uniform, chapeau-bras, and sword function as conventional iconographic markers of a gentleman-officer, communicating status, authority, and service. The composition is a straightforward bust- or half-length portrait focused on identifying the sitter rather than narrating a specific event, meaning the work primarily represents Clarkson as an individual of public consequence within the social hierarchy of the early American republic.

Technique & Style

Executed in oil on canvas, the portrait measures 91.6 by 71.8 centimeters, a vertical format well suited to Gilbert Stuart's full-length depiction of Matthew Clarkson. The painting falls within the genre of portraiture and belongs to the Metropolitan Museum of Art's American Wing collection. Stuart renders the sitter in a chapeau-bras and uniform, incorporating a sword as part of the formal attire, details consistent with his late-eighteenth-century practice of combining precise costume description with a measured, dignified characterization of the subject.

History & Provenance

The portrait of Matthew Clarkson was created by Gilbert Stuart in 1794, executed in oil on canvas. The work entered the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, where it is classified within The American Wing. Beyond these core details, artist, date, medium, and current institutional home, the available sources do not document the chain of prior ownership, the circumstances of commissioning, or any intermediate custodial history preceding its accession by the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

The portrait of Matthew Clarkson by Gilbert Stuart is held in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, classified within the institution's American Wing. According to the Wikidata record for the painting, its physical dimensions are 91.6 cm in height by 71.8 cm in width. The work was created in 1794 and is catalogued as part of the museum's holdings. No specific accession number, inventory identifier, or exhibition history is documented in the available sources.

Overview

Matthew Clarkson, a prominent figure in early American public life, is depicted in this oil-on-canvas portrait by Gilbert Stuart. Created around 1794, shortly after Stuart's return from Europe, the work captures Clarkson as a distinguished gentleman. The painting exemplifies Stuart's developing American style, blending a refined, aristocratic sensibility with a direct and honest portrayal of the sitter. It is housed in The American Wing of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Context

The creation of this portrait highlights the intersection of early national political culture and the visual representation of reputation in America. As a celebrated veteran, financier, and social reformer, Clarkson represented the type of accomplished individual who sought portraiture to affirm their public standing. Such commissions were crucial for Gilbert Stuart, helping him build the successful American practice that would soon lead to his renowned series of portraits of figures like George Washington.

General William Smallwood
General William Smallwood, Robert Edge Pine

Artist & collection

Portrait of Gilbert Stuart

Artist

Gilbert Stuart

Gilbert Stuart (né Stewart; December 3, 1755 – July 9, 1828) was an American painter born in the Rhode Island Colony who is widely considered one of America's foremost portraitists.

Frequently asked questions

Who painted Matthew Clarkson?

Matthew Clarkson was painted by Gilbert Stuart in ca. 1794.

Where can I see Matthew Clarkson?

Matthew Clarkson is held by Metropolitan Museum of Art.

What movement is Matthew Clarkson?

Matthew Clarkson is associated with American Impressionism.