Artwork
The Bagpipe Must Be Filled
The Bagpipe Must Be Filled is an ink print by the Renaissance artist Hendrick Goltzius. It dates from 1592 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.
- Inscription
- Inscribed:lower left, in image, in plate: 3; below image, in plate: Mandamus sicas putealq[ue] formq[ue] Libonis, / Et canere haud vnquam l[a]etum P[a]eana seueris, / Noster amor large magnis potare culullis, / Inq[ue] diem longas cyathis extendere noctes. Tunc animi surgunt, tunc pastoralis am[a]enum / Fistula vtre inflato resonat, cantantq[ue] suaue / Permixti iuuenes senibus magalia circum, / Thestylin hic, Palat[a]eam alius, Thymelenue procacem (We forsake the daggers, the puteal of Libo and the forum and never sing a happy song to the strict people. We enjoy drinking plentifully from large goblets and spending long nights until the break of day with our cups. Our courage is thus restored, and then resounds the sweet shepherd's flute when the bagpipes are played and the young men sing pleasantly together with the old chaps around the huts, the one about Thestylis, and the other about Palatea or the playful Thymele); below plate, in letterpress: Door liefd' van 't vocht, prysen wy de volle kruyck, / 'Thooft op ydel buyck,, kan geen vreughd begrypen: / Al te langhe vasten, is gheen goedt ghebruyck, / Den sack moet vol zijn, sal de lylle pypen. (They yt love wine call men to fill the pot, An empty belly a good head confounds, To fast to long tis' ill I like it not, When ye bags full my pipe most sweetly sounds.) [translations by Jan Bloemendal in _The New Hollstein Dutch & Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts, 1450-1700_. (Karel van Mander, Marjolein Leesberg, author). Rotterdam: Sound & Vision Interactive, 1999, no. 97, pp. lxxv-lxxvi.]
About this work
Overview
Created circa 1592, The Bagpipe Must Be Filled is an engraving combined with letterpress on laid paper by Hendrick Goltzius, a Dutch printmaker of German origin. The print presents a bustling, disorderly gathering in which a central female figure plays a bagpipe while a crowd of figures and a dog whirl around her, set against a distant village and church steeple.
Subject & Meaning
The composition depicts a festive yet chaotic scene: a woman blowing a bagpipe, a child clinging to her leg, a man brandishing a stick, another leaning on a branch, and a dog with a curled tail. The title suggests a humorous commentary on the discord that can arise when music is over‑filled, inviting viewers to read the bustling details as a visual joke about excess and noise.
Technique & Style
Executed with fine engraved lines and printed text, the work exemplifies Goltzius’s skill in rendering intricate textures and crowded arrangements. The use of laid paper provides a subtle ribbed background, while the sharp incisions in the metal plate allow for the dense packing of figures, decorative motifs, and marginal lettering that frame the central action.
History & Provenance
Goltzius, recognized as a leading figure of early Baroque or Northern Mannerist engraving, produced the print as part of his prolific output of images intended for replication by other artists. The piece reflects his reputation for inventing complex designs that could be widely disseminated through print culture of the late 16th century.
Context
The print belongs to a period when Dutch artists were exploring elaborate, theatrical compositions that combined allegory, humor, and everyday life. Goltzius’s work often merged classical motifs with contemporary scenes, and this piece illustrates the era’s fascination with lively genre subjects rendered with meticulous detail.
Legacy
The Bagpipe Must Be Filled remains a representative example of Goltzius’s technical virtuosity and his influence on subsequent printmakers. Its densely populated composition and playful subject continue to be studied for insights into Northern Mannerist aesthetics and the role of print media in spreading visual ideas across Europe.
Own this work as a print
Artist & collection
Artist
Hendrick Goltzius (German: , Dutch: ; né Goltz; January or February 1558 – 1 January 1617) was a German-born Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and painter.
