Artwork

The Bathers (Small Plate)

The Bathers (Small Plate), by Paul Cézanne, ink, 1897
The Bathers (Small Plate), by Paul Cézanne, ink, 1897

The Bathers (Small Plate) is an ink print by the Impressionist artist Paul Cézanne. It dates from 1897 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.

About this work

Overview

Created in 1897, this small lithograph by Paul Cézanne depicts a group of figures in a natural setting. Executed in color on China paper, the work belongs to a series exploring the human form amid landscape. Its intimate scale and delicate execution suggest a personal, experimental approach rather than a finished composition.

Subject & Meaning

Five nude figures, adults and a child, are arranged loosely within a wooded space. Postures vary: standing, crouching, seated. The central child anchors the composition, suggesting a quiet, unposed moment. There is no narrative or mythological reference; the focus is on presence, posture, and the relationship between bodies and environment.

Technique & Style

Cézanne employed color lithography, a method allowing subtle layering of hues on stone. Soft blues, yellows, and greens are applied with uneven, sketch-like strokes, creating a sense of immediacy. Forms are simplified into rounded volumes, and the trees are rendered as loose, gestural marks. The print’s texture reflects the artist’s interest in translating brushwork into print.

History & Provenance

This print is one of several small lithographs Cézanne produced in his later years, likely for private circulation rather than public sale. It was made during a period when he increasingly turned to printmaking as a means of exploring form and color outside the constraints of oil painting. Its survival in limited numbers reflects its non-commercial nature.

Context

Cézanne’s bathers series, spanning decades, reflects his fascination with classical themes reimagined through modern perception. Unlike academic treatments, these works reject idealization in favor of observed reality. The lithograph’s informal quality aligns with his broader shift toward structural simplicity and sensory immediacy in his late work.

Legacy

Though not widely exhibited in his lifetime, this lithograph exemplifies Cézanne’s influence on modern printmaking. His use of color and fragmented form in lithography anticipated later developments in Expressionism and abstraction. The work remains a quiet testament to his persistent inquiry into perception and representation.

The Bathers (Small Plate)
The Bathers (Small Plate), Paul Cézanne

Artist & collection

Portrait of Paul Cézanne

Artist

Paul Cézanne

Paul Cézanne ( say-ZAN, UK also siz-AN, US also say-ZAHN; French: ; Occitan: Pau Cesana; 19 January 1839 – 22 October 1906) was a French Post-Impressionist painter whose work introduced new modes of representation,…

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: National Gallery of Art open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.

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Frequently asked questions

Who painted The Bathers (Small Plate)?

The Bathers (Small Plate) was painted by Paul Cézanne in 1897.

Where can I see The Bathers (Small Plate)?

The Bathers (Small Plate) is held by National Gallery of Art.

What movement is The Bathers (Small Plate)?

The Bathers (Small Plate) is associated with Impressionism.

Can I buy a print of The Bathers (Small Plate)?

Museum-quality prints of The Bathers (Small Plate) are available made-to-order from Artifact World Gallery.