Artwork
Portrait of Maria Schaep (1658-1725), wife of Hendrick Bicker

Portrait of Maria Schaep (1658-1725), wife of Hendrick Bicker is an oil painting by the Dutch Golden Age artist Michiel van Musscher. It dates from 1692 and is held in the collection of the Rijksmuseum.
About this work
Technique & Style
The work is an oil painting created on canvas in 1682. Michiel van Musscher applied oil paint to depict Maria Schaep, wife of Hendrick Bicker, with the portrait remaining within the collection of the Rijksmuseum and Amsterdam Museum. Its formal composition and stylistic handling reflect typical 17th-century Dutch portraiture, emphasizing precise rendering on the canvas support.
History & Provenance
The portrait of Maria Schaep was painted by Michiel van Musscher in 1682, as recorded in both the catalogue entry and the Wikidata record for the work.
The portrait of Maria Schaep was painted by Michiel van Musscher in 1682, as recorded in both the catalogue entry and the Wikidata record for the work. It was executed in oil on canvas, measuring 57.5 cm in height by 51 cm in width.
According to the Wikidata entry, the painting was owned by Jeanne Catherine van Winter-Bicker, situating it within the Bicker family circle to which Maria Schaep was connected through her marriage to Hendrick Bicker. The work is now held jointly by the Rijksmuseum and the Amsterdam Museum, where it forms part of their shared collections. No details of a specific commission or intermediate ownership transfers between the Van Winter-Bicker holding and the present institutional custody are documented in the available sources.
Context
The portrait of Maria Schaep, painted by Michiel van Musscher in 1682, exemplifies the stylistic conventions of Dutch Golden Age portraiture, particularly in its restrained composition and focus on middle-class domestic subjects. Scholars have noted the work's significance within van Musscher's broader oeuvre, which predominantly featured genre scenes and portraits of the emerging merchant class, reflecting the social dynamics of 17th-century Amsterdam. The painting's provenance, including its ownership by Jeanne Catherine van Winter-Bicker, underscores its integration into elite social networks, while its presence in the Rijksmuseum collection highlights its enduring scholarly and curatorial importance.
Its depiction of Maria Schaep, wife of Hendrick Bicker, provides insight into the representation of family lineage and status among the Dutch patriciate during the late 17th century.
Overview
Michiel van Musscher’s oil portrait, executed in 1692, presents Maria Schaep (1658–1725), the spouse of merchant Hendrick Bicker. The work belongs to the Rijksmuseum’s collection and exemplifies late‑seventeenth‑century Dutch portraiture, focusing on a single, elegantly attired figure.
Subject & Meaning
Maria Schaep is shown standing, one hand placed on her hip while the other grasps a dark cloak. Her attire, a dark dress complemented by a light, lace‑trimmed shawl, along with a pearl necklace and neatly pulled‑back hair, conveys both modesty and social standing. The composition emphasizes her poise and self‑assurance, typical of portraits intended to affirm family status.
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