Artwork
Drinking in the Moonlight

Drinking in the Moonlight is an unspecified painting by the Song dynasty painting artist Ma Yuan. It dates from 1195 and is held in the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art.
About this work
Overview
Created circa 1195 by Song‑dynasty painter Ma Yuan, Drinking in the Moonlight is a small ink-and-wash work now in the Cleveland Museum of Art. It exemplifies the refined aesthetic of the courtly painting tradition that flourished in the Southern Song period.
Subject & Meaning
The composition depicts a solitary figure seated beside a river, raising a cup to drink beneath a moonlit sky. Sparse boats and trees line the water’s edge, while skeletal branches rise against a pale backdrop, suggesting a moment of quiet contemplation in a nocturnal landscape.
Technique & Style
Ma Yuan employs swift, expressive brushstrokes that convey the ripple of water and the subtle play of light. The palette is restrained, dominated by muted earth tones that dissolve into deep shadows, reinforcing the painting’s serene atmosphere.
History & Provenance
The work entered the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art in the 20th century, where it remains on view. Its attribution to Ma Yuan is based on stylistic parallels with other dated works from the late 12th century.
Context
Drinking in the Moonlight belongs to the Ma‑Xia school, a branch of Southern Song landscape painting co‑founded by Ma Yuan and Xia Gui. The school emphasized asymmetrical compositions and atmospheric effects, influencing later Chinese artists and the Zhe school, as well as early Japanese painters such as Shūbun and Sesshū.
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Artist & collection
Artist
Ma Yuan (Chinese: 馬遠; pinyin: Mǎ Yuǎn; Wade–Giles: Ma Yüan; c. 1160–65 – 1225) was a Chinese painter of the Song dynasty. His works, together with that of Xia Gui, formed the basis of the so-called Ma-Xia (馬夏) school of…
















